Copper is a metallic element with the symbol Cu. It has an atomic weight

of 63.55, a specific gravity of 8.96, and a melting point and boiling point of

1,083.4±0.2 ?C and 2,567 ?C, respectively. Featuring a light-rose or pinkish-red

color in its natural state and a purple bronze color after oxidation, copper is one

of the first metals discovered by man. Copper cathode, also known as refined

copper, is high-purity copper produced from copper concentrates through

electrorefining or electrolytic deposition.

Due to its excellent electrical and heat conductivity, malleability, corrosion and

abrasion resistance, copper cathode is often processed into copper wires,

bars, sheets and strips, foils, pipes, and various alloys, which are widely used

in power, electronics, transportation equipment, machine manufacturing,

construction, national defense, medical, organic chemicals, and other industries.

Globally, the most widely used copper cathode standards are the Chinese,

European, and American standards.

GB/T 467-2010 (“Chinese Standard”) is China’s current national standard for

copper cathode. This standard classifies copper cathode into three grades:

Grade A copper (Cu-CATH-1), No. 1 standard copper (Cu-CATH-2), and No. 2

standard copper (Cu-CATH-3).

BS EN 1978:1998 (“European Standard”) is the copper cathode standard

established by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). It contains

two grades: Cu-CATH-1 (CR001A) and Cu-CATH-2 (CR002A).

ASTM B115 (“American Standard”) is the standard for electrolytic copper

cathode established by the American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM),

which classifies electrolytic copper cathodes into Grade 1 and Grade 2.

Among them, Chinese Standard Grade A (Cu-CATH-1) is equivalent to

European Standard Cu-CATH-1 in impurity limits; Chinese Standard for No.

1 standard copper (Cu-CATH-2) references the impurity limits of American

Standard Grade 2; and Chinese Standard for No. 2 standard copper (CuCATH-3) references those of European Standard Cu-CATH-2.

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